#pragma once
#include <cassert>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
#include "../fps/formal-power-series.hpp"
#include "../fps/taylor-shift.hpp"
#include "subset-convolution.hpp"
template <typename mint, int MAX = 21>
vector<mint> polynomial_composite_set_power_series(int n, FormalPowerSeries<mint> f,
vector<mint> g) {
assert(0 <= n && n <= MAX);
static SubsetConvolution<mint, MAX> ss;
Binomial<mint> binom(f.size());
if (g[0] != 0) {
f = TaylorShift(f, g[0], binom);
g[0] = 0;
}
f.resize(n + 1), g.resize(1 << n);
for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) f[i] *= binom.fac(i);
vector h(n + 1, vector(n + 1, vector<mint>{}));
for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) h[0][i] = {f[i]};
for (int k = 1; k <= n; k++) {
auto A = ss.lift({begin(g) + (1 << (k - 1)), begin(g) + (1 << k)});
ss.zeta(A);
for (int j = 0; j <= n - k; j++) {
h[k][j] = h[k - 1][j];
auto B = ss.lift(h[k - 1][j + 1]);
ss.zeta(B);
ss.prod(B, A);
ss.mobius(B);
auto c = ss.unlift(B);
copy(begin(c), end(c), back_inserter(h[k][j]));
}
}
return h[n][0];
}
/**
* @brief 集合冪級数の合成
*/
#line 2 "set-function/polynomial-composite-set-power-series.hpp"
#include <cassert>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
#line 2 "fps/formal-power-series.hpp"
#include <algorithm>
#line 5 "fps/formal-power-series.hpp"
#include <cstdint>
#include <iterator>
#line 8 "fps/formal-power-series.hpp"
using namespace std;
template <typename mint>
struct FormalPowerSeries : vector<mint> {
using vector<mint>::vector;
using FPS = FormalPowerSeries;
FPS &operator+=(const FPS &r) {
if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] += r[i];
return *this;
}
FPS &operator+=(const mint &r) {
if (this->empty()) this->resize(1);
(*this)[0] += r;
return *this;
}
FPS &operator-=(const FPS &r) {
if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] -= r[i];
return *this;
}
FPS &operator-=(const mint &r) {
if (this->empty()) this->resize(1);
(*this)[0] -= r;
return *this;
}
FPS &operator*=(const mint &v) {
for (int k = 0; k < (int)this->size(); k++) (*this)[k] *= v;
return *this;
}
FPS &operator/=(const FPS &r) {
if (this->size() < r.size()) {
this->clear();
return *this;
}
int n = this->size() - r.size() + 1;
if ((int)r.size() <= 64) {
FPS f(*this), g(r);
g.shrink();
mint coeff = g.back().inverse();
for (auto &x : g) x *= coeff;
int deg = (int)f.size() - (int)g.size() + 1;
int gs = g.size();
FPS quo(deg);
for (int i = deg - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
quo[i] = f[i + gs - 1];
for (int j = 0; j < gs; j++) f[i + j] -= quo[i] * g[j];
}
*this = quo * coeff;
this->resize(n, mint(0));
return *this;
}
return *this = ((*this).rev().pre(n) * r.rev().inv(n)).pre(n).rev();
}
FPS &operator%=(const FPS &r) {
*this -= *this / r * r;
shrink();
return *this;
}
FPS operator+(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) += r; }
FPS operator+(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) += v; }
FPS operator-(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) -= r; }
FPS operator-(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) -= v; }
FPS operator*(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) *= r; }
FPS operator*(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) *= v; }
FPS operator/(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) /= r; }
FPS operator%(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) %= r; }
FPS operator-() const {
FPS ret(this->size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)this->size(); i++) ret[i] = -(*this)[i];
return ret;
}
void shrink() {
while (this->size() && this->back() == mint(0)) this->pop_back();
}
FPS rev() const {
FPS ret(*this);
reverse(begin(ret), end(ret));
return ret;
}
FPS dot(FPS r) const {
FPS ret(min(this->size(), r.size()));
for (int i = 0; i < (int)ret.size(); i++) ret[i] = (*this)[i] * r[i];
return ret;
}
// 前 sz 項を取ってくる。sz に足りない項は 0 埋めする
FPS pre(int sz) const {
FPS ret(begin(*this), begin(*this) + min((int)this->size(), sz));
if ((int)ret.size() < sz) ret.resize(sz);
return ret;
}
FPS operator>>(int sz) const {
if ((int)this->size() <= sz) return {};
FPS ret(*this);
ret.erase(ret.begin(), ret.begin() + sz);
return ret;
}
FPS operator<<(int sz) const {
FPS ret(*this);
ret.insert(ret.begin(), sz, mint(0));
return ret;
}
FPS diff() const {
const int n = (int)this->size();
FPS ret(max(0, n - 1));
mint one(1), coeff(1);
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
ret[i - 1] = (*this)[i] * coeff;
coeff += one;
}
return ret;
}
FPS integral() const {
const int n = (int)this->size();
FPS ret(n + 1);
ret[0] = mint(0);
if (n > 0) ret[1] = mint(1);
auto mod = mint::get_mod();
for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) ret[i] = (-ret[mod % i]) * (mod / i);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) ret[i + 1] *= (*this)[i];
return ret;
}
mint eval(mint x) const {
mint r = 0, w = 1;
for (auto &v : *this) r += w * v, w *= x;
return r;
}
FPS log(int deg = -1) const {
assert(!(*this).empty() && (*this)[0] == mint(1));
if (deg == -1) deg = (int)this->size();
return (this->diff() * this->inv(deg)).pre(deg - 1).integral();
}
FPS pow(int64_t k, int deg = -1) const {
const int n = (int)this->size();
if (deg == -1) deg = n;
if (k == 0) {
FPS ret(deg);
if (deg) ret[0] = 1;
return ret;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if ((*this)[i] != mint(0)) {
mint rev = mint(1) / (*this)[i];
FPS ret = (((*this * rev) >> i).log(deg) * k).exp(deg);
ret *= (*this)[i].pow(k);
ret = (ret << (i * k)).pre(deg);
if ((int)ret.size() < deg) ret.resize(deg, mint(0));
return ret;
}
if (__int128_t(i + 1) * k >= deg) return FPS(deg, mint(0));
}
return FPS(deg, mint(0));
}
static void *ntt_ptr;
static void set_fft();
FPS &operator*=(const FPS &r);
void ntt();
void intt();
void ntt_doubling();
static int ntt_pr();
FPS inv(int deg = -1) const;
FPS exp(int deg = -1) const;
};
template <typename mint>
void *FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_ptr = nullptr;
template <int N>
struct FPSBackendPriority : FPSBackendPriority<N - 1> {};
template <>
struct FPSBackendPriority<0> {};
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::set_fft() {
fps_set_fft_impl((FormalPowerSeries<mint>*)nullptr, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint>& FormalPowerSeries<mint>::operator*=(const FPS& r) {
if (this->empty() || r.empty()) {
this->clear();
return *this;
}
return fps_multiply_impl(*this, r, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt() {
fps_ntt_impl(*this, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::intt() {
fps_intt_impl(*this, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_doubling() {
fps_ntt_doubling_impl(*this, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
int FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_pr() {
return fps_ntt_pr_impl((FormalPowerSeries<mint>*)nullptr,
FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> FormalPowerSeries<mint>::inv(int deg) const {
return fps_inv_impl(*this, deg, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> FormalPowerSeries<mint>::exp(int deg) const {
return fps_exp_impl(*this, deg, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
/**
* @brief 多項式/形式的冪級数ライブラリ
*/
#line 2 "modulo/binomial.hpp"
#line 4 "modulo/binomial.hpp"
#include <type_traits>
#line 6 "modulo/binomial.hpp"
using namespace std;
// コンストラクタの MAX に 「C(n, r) や fac(n) でクエリを投げる最大の n 」
// を入れると倍速くらいになる
// mod を超えて前計算して 0 割りを踏むバグは対策済み
template <typename T>
struct Binomial {
vector<T> f, g, h;
Binomial(int MAX = 0) {
assert(T::get_mod() != 0 && "Binomial<mint>()");
f.resize(1, T{1});
g.resize(1, T{1});
h.resize(1, T{1});
if (MAX > 0) extend(MAX + 1);
}
void extend(int m = -1) {
int n = f.size();
if (m == -1) m = n * 2;
m = min<int>(m, T::get_mod());
if (n >= m) return;
f.resize(m);
g.resize(m);
h.resize(m);
for (int i = n; i < m; i++) f[i] = f[i - 1] * T(i);
g[m - 1] = f[m - 1].inverse();
h[m - 1] = g[m - 1] * f[m - 2];
for (int i = m - 2; i >= n; i--) {
g[i] = g[i + 1] * T(i + 1);
h[i] = g[i] * f[i - 1];
}
}
T fac(int i) {
if (i < 0) return T(0);
while (i >= (int)f.size()) extend();
return f[i];
}
T finv(int i) {
if (i < 0) return T(0);
while (i >= (int)g.size()) extend();
return g[i];
}
T inv(int i) {
if (i < 0) return -inv(-i);
while (i >= (int)h.size()) extend();
return h[i];
}
T C(int n, int r) {
if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0);
return fac(n) * finv(n - r) * finv(r);
}
inline T operator()(int n, int r) { return C(n, r); }
template <typename I>
T multinomial(const vector<I>& r) {
static_assert(is_integral<I>::value == true);
int n = 0;
for (auto& x : r) {
if (x < 0) return T(0);
n += x;
}
T res = fac(n);
for (auto& x : r) res *= finv(x);
return res;
}
template <typename I>
T operator()(const vector<I>& r) {
return multinomial(r);
}
T C_naive(int n, int r) {
if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0);
T ret = T(1);
r = min(r, n - r);
for (int i = 1; i <= r; ++i) ret *= inv(i) * (n--);
return ret;
}
T P(int n, int r) {
if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0);
return fac(n) * finv(n - r);
}
// [x^r] 1 / (1-x)^n
T H(int n, int r) {
if (n < 0 || r < 0) return T(0);
return r == 0 ? 1 : C(n + r - 1, r);
}
};
#line 4 "fps/taylor-shift.hpp"
// calculate F(x + a)
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> TaylorShift(FormalPowerSeries<mint> f, mint a,
Binomial<mint>& C) {
using fps = FormalPowerSeries<mint>;
int N = f.size();
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) f[i] *= C.fac(i);
reverse(begin(f), end(f));
fps g(N, mint(1));
for (int i = 1; i < N; i++) g[i] = g[i - 1] * a * C.inv(i);
f = (f * g).pre(N);
reverse(begin(f), end(f));
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) f[i] *= C.finv(i);
return f;
}
/**
* @brief 平行移動
*/
#line 2 "set-function/subset-convolution.hpp"
#include <array>
#line 5 "set-function/subset-convolution.hpp"
using namespace std;
template <typename mint, int _s>
struct SubsetConvolution {
using fps = array<mint, _s + 1>;
static constexpr int s = _s;
vector<int> pc;
SubsetConvolution() : pc(1 << s) {
for (int i = 1; i < (1 << s); i++) pc[i] = pc[i - (i & -i)] + 1;
}
void add(fps& l, const fps& r, int d) {
for (int i = 0; i < d; ++i) l[i] += r[i];
}
void sub(fps& l, const fps& r, int d) {
for (int i = d; i <= s; ++i) l[i] -= r[i];
}
void zeta(vector<fps>& a) {
int n = a.size();
for (int w = 1; w < n; w *= 2) {
for (int k = 0; k < n; k += w * 2) {
for (int i = 0; i < w; ++i) {
add(a[k + w + i], a[k + i], pc[k + w + i]);
}
}
}
}
void mobius(vector<fps>& a) {
int n = a.size();
for (int w = n >> 1; w; w >>= 1) {
for (int k = 0; k < n; k += w * 2) {
for (int i = 0; i < w; ++i) {
sub(a[k + w + i], a[k + i], pc[k + w + i]);
}
}
}
}
vector<fps> lift(const vector<mint>& a) {
vector<fps> A(a.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); i++) {
fill(begin(A[i]), end(A[i]), mint());
A[i][pc[i]] = a[i];
}
return A;
}
vector<mint> unlift(const vector<fps>& A) {
vector<mint> a(A.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)A.size(); i++) a[i] = A[i][pc[i]];
return a;
}
void prod(vector<fps>& A, const vector<fps>& B) {
int n = A.size(), d = __builtin_ctz(n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
fps c{};
for (int j = 0; j <= d; j++) {
for (int k = 0; k <= d - j; k++) {
c[j + k] += A[i][j] * B[i][k];
}
}
A[i].swap(c);
}
}
vector<mint> multiply(const vector<mint>& a, const vector<mint>& b) {
vector<fps> A = lift(a), B = lift(b);
zeta(A), zeta(B);
prod(A, B);
mobius(A);
return unlift(A);
}
};
/**
* @brief Subset Convolution
*/
#line 10 "set-function/polynomial-composite-set-power-series.hpp"
template <typename mint, int MAX = 21>
vector<mint> polynomial_composite_set_power_series(int n, FormalPowerSeries<mint> f,
vector<mint> g) {
assert(0 <= n && n <= MAX);
static SubsetConvolution<mint, MAX> ss;
Binomial<mint> binom(f.size());
if (g[0] != 0) {
f = TaylorShift(f, g[0], binom);
g[0] = 0;
}
f.resize(n + 1), g.resize(1 << n);
for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) f[i] *= binom.fac(i);
vector h(n + 1, vector(n + 1, vector<mint>{}));
for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) h[0][i] = {f[i]};
for (int k = 1; k <= n; k++) {
auto A = ss.lift({begin(g) + (1 << (k - 1)), begin(g) + (1 << k)});
ss.zeta(A);
for (int j = 0; j <= n - k; j++) {
h[k][j] = h[k - 1][j];
auto B = ss.lift(h[k - 1][j + 1]);
ss.zeta(B);
ss.prod(B, A);
ss.mobius(B);
auto c = ss.unlift(B);
copy(begin(c), end(c), back_inserter(h[k][j]));
}
}
return h[n][0];
}
/**
* @brief 集合冪級数の合成
*/