#line 2 "matrix/polynomial-matrix-prefix-prod.hpp"
#line 2 "fps/formal-power-series.hpp"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <cstdint>
#include <iterator>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
template <typename mint>
struct FormalPowerSeries : vector<mint> {
using vector<mint>::vector;
using FPS = FormalPowerSeries;
FPS &operator+=(const FPS &r) {
if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] += r[i];
return *this;
}
FPS &operator+=(const mint &r) {
if (this->empty()) this->resize(1);
(*this)[0] += r;
return *this;
}
FPS &operator-=(const FPS &r) {
if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] -= r[i];
return *this;
}
FPS &operator-=(const mint &r) {
if (this->empty()) this->resize(1);
(*this)[0] -= r;
return *this;
}
FPS &operator*=(const mint &v) {
for (int k = 0; k < (int)this->size(); k++) (*this)[k] *= v;
return *this;
}
FPS &operator/=(const FPS &r) {
if (this->size() < r.size()) {
this->clear();
return *this;
}
int n = this->size() - r.size() + 1;
if ((int)r.size() <= 64) {
FPS f(*this), g(r);
g.shrink();
mint coeff = g.back().inverse();
for (auto &x : g) x *= coeff;
int deg = (int)f.size() - (int)g.size() + 1;
int gs = g.size();
FPS quo(deg);
for (int i = deg - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
quo[i] = f[i + gs - 1];
for (int j = 0; j < gs; j++) f[i + j] -= quo[i] * g[j];
}
*this = quo * coeff;
this->resize(n, mint(0));
return *this;
}
return *this = ((*this).rev().pre(n) * r.rev().inv(n)).pre(n).rev();
}
FPS &operator%=(const FPS &r) {
*this -= *this / r * r;
shrink();
return *this;
}
FPS operator+(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) += r; }
FPS operator+(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) += v; }
FPS operator-(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) -= r; }
FPS operator-(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) -= v; }
FPS operator*(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) *= r; }
FPS operator*(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) *= v; }
FPS operator/(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) /= r; }
FPS operator%(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) %= r; }
FPS operator-() const {
FPS ret(this->size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)this->size(); i++) ret[i] = -(*this)[i];
return ret;
}
void shrink() {
while (this->size() && this->back() == mint(0)) this->pop_back();
}
FPS rev() const {
FPS ret(*this);
reverse(begin(ret), end(ret));
return ret;
}
FPS dot(FPS r) const {
FPS ret(min(this->size(), r.size()));
for (int i = 0; i < (int)ret.size(); i++) ret[i] = (*this)[i] * r[i];
return ret;
}
// 前 sz 項を取ってくる。sz に足りない項は 0 埋めする
FPS pre(int sz) const {
FPS ret(begin(*this), begin(*this) + min((int)this->size(), sz));
if ((int)ret.size() < sz) ret.resize(sz);
return ret;
}
FPS operator>>(int sz) const {
if ((int)this->size() <= sz) return {};
FPS ret(*this);
ret.erase(ret.begin(), ret.begin() + sz);
return ret;
}
FPS operator<<(int sz) const {
FPS ret(*this);
ret.insert(ret.begin(), sz, mint(0));
return ret;
}
FPS diff() const {
const int n = (int)this->size();
FPS ret(max(0, n - 1));
mint one(1), coeff(1);
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
ret[i - 1] = (*this)[i] * coeff;
coeff += one;
}
return ret;
}
FPS integral() const {
const int n = (int)this->size();
FPS ret(n + 1);
ret[0] = mint(0);
if (n > 0) ret[1] = mint(1);
auto mod = mint::get_mod();
for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) ret[i] = (-ret[mod % i]) * (mod / i);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) ret[i + 1] *= (*this)[i];
return ret;
}
mint eval(mint x) const {
mint r = 0, w = 1;
for (auto &v : *this) r += w * v, w *= x;
return r;
}
FPS log(int deg = -1) const {
assert(!(*this).empty() && (*this)[0] == mint(1));
if (deg == -1) deg = (int)this->size();
return (this->diff() * this->inv(deg)).pre(deg - 1).integral();
}
FPS pow(int64_t k, int deg = -1) const {
const int n = (int)this->size();
if (deg == -1) deg = n;
if (k == 0) {
FPS ret(deg);
if (deg) ret[0] = 1;
return ret;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if ((*this)[i] != mint(0)) {
mint rev = mint(1) / (*this)[i];
FPS ret = (((*this * rev) >> i).log(deg) * k).exp(deg);
ret *= (*this)[i].pow(k);
ret = (ret << (i * k)).pre(deg);
if ((int)ret.size() < deg) ret.resize(deg, mint(0));
return ret;
}
if (__int128_t(i + 1) * k >= deg) return FPS(deg, mint(0));
}
return FPS(deg, mint(0));
}
static void *ntt_ptr;
static void set_fft();
FPS &operator*=(const FPS &r);
void ntt();
void intt();
void ntt_doubling();
static int ntt_pr();
FPS inv(int deg = -1) const;
FPS exp(int deg = -1) const;
};
template <typename mint>
void *FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_ptr = nullptr;
template <int N>
struct FPSBackendPriority : FPSBackendPriority<N - 1> {};
template <>
struct FPSBackendPriority<0> {};
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::set_fft() {
fps_set_fft_impl((FormalPowerSeries<mint>*)nullptr, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint>& FormalPowerSeries<mint>::operator*=(const FPS& r) {
if (this->empty() || r.empty()) {
this->clear();
return *this;
}
return fps_multiply_impl(*this, r, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt() {
fps_ntt_impl(*this, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::intt() {
fps_intt_impl(*this, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_doubling() {
fps_ntt_doubling_impl(*this, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
int FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_pr() {
return fps_ntt_pr_impl((FormalPowerSeries<mint>*)nullptr,
FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> FormalPowerSeries<mint>::inv(int deg) const {
return fps_inv_impl(*this, deg, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> FormalPowerSeries<mint>::exp(int deg) const {
return fps_exp_impl(*this, deg, FPSBackendPriority<1>{});
}
/**
* @brief 多項式/形式的冪級数ライブラリ
*/
#line 2 "fps/sample-point-shift.hpp"
#line 2 "modulo/binomial.hpp"
#line 4 "modulo/binomial.hpp"
#include <type_traits>
#line 6 "modulo/binomial.hpp"
using namespace std;
// コンストラクタの MAX に 「C(n, r) や fac(n) でクエリを投げる最大の n 」
// を入れると倍速くらいになる
// mod を超えて前計算して 0 割りを踏むバグは対策済み
template <typename T>
struct Binomial {
vector<T> f, g, h;
Binomial(int MAX = 0) {
assert(T::get_mod() != 0 && "Binomial<mint>()");
f.resize(1, T{1});
g.resize(1, T{1});
h.resize(1, T{1});
if (MAX > 0) extend(MAX + 1);
}
void extend(int m = -1) {
int n = f.size();
if (m == -1) m = n * 2;
m = min<int>(m, T::get_mod());
if (n >= m) return;
f.resize(m);
g.resize(m);
h.resize(m);
for (int i = n; i < m; i++) f[i] = f[i - 1] * T(i);
g[m - 1] = f[m - 1].inverse();
h[m - 1] = g[m - 1] * f[m - 2];
for (int i = m - 2; i >= n; i--) {
g[i] = g[i + 1] * T(i + 1);
h[i] = g[i] * f[i - 1];
}
}
T fac(int i) {
if (i < 0) return T(0);
while (i >= (int)f.size()) extend();
return f[i];
}
T finv(int i) {
if (i < 0) return T(0);
while (i >= (int)g.size()) extend();
return g[i];
}
T inv(int i) {
if (i < 0) return -inv(-i);
while (i >= (int)h.size()) extend();
return h[i];
}
T C(int n, int r) {
if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0);
return fac(n) * finv(n - r) * finv(r);
}
inline T operator()(int n, int r) { return C(n, r); }
template <typename I>
T multinomial(const vector<I>& r) {
static_assert(is_integral<I>::value == true);
int n = 0;
for (auto& x : r) {
if (x < 0) return T(0);
n += x;
}
T res = fac(n);
for (auto& x : r) res *= finv(x);
return res;
}
template <typename I>
T operator()(const vector<I>& r) {
return multinomial(r);
}
T C_naive(int n, int r) {
if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0);
T ret = T(1);
r = min(r, n - r);
for (int i = 1; i <= r; ++i) ret *= inv(i) * (n--);
return ret;
}
T P(int n, int r) {
if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0);
return fac(n) * finv(n - r);
}
// [x^r] 1 / (1-x)^n
T H(int n, int r) {
if (n < 0 || r < 0) return T(0);
return r == 0 ? 1 : C(n + r - 1, r);
}
};
#line 2 "fps/arbitrary-fps.hpp"
#include <cstdlib>
#line 2 "ntt/arbitrary-ntt.hpp"
#line 6 "ntt/arbitrary-ntt.hpp"
using namespace std;
#line 2 "modint/montgomery-modint.hpp"
#line 4 "modint/montgomery-modint.hpp"
#include <iostream>
template <uint32_t mod>
struct LazyMontgomeryModInt {
using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt;
using i32 = int32_t;
using u32 = uint32_t;
using u64 = uint64_t;
static constexpr u32 get_r() {
u32 ret = mod;
for (i32 i = 0; i < 4; ++i) ret *= 2 - mod * ret;
return ret;
}
static constexpr u32 r = get_r();
static constexpr u32 n2 = -u64(mod) % mod;
static_assert(mod < (1 << 30), "invalid, mod >= 2 ^ 30");
static_assert((mod & 1) == 1, "invalid, mod % 2 == 0");
static_assert(r * mod == 1, "this code has bugs.");
u32 a;
constexpr LazyMontgomeryModInt() : a(0) {}
constexpr LazyMontgomeryModInt(const int64_t &b)
: a(reduce(u64(b % mod + mod) * n2)){};
static constexpr u32 reduce(const u64 &b) {
return (b + u64(u32(b) * u32(-r)) * mod) >> 32;
}
constexpr mint &operator+=(const mint &b) {
if (i32(a += b.a - 2 * mod) < 0) a += 2 * mod;
return *this;
}
constexpr mint &operator-=(const mint &b) {
if (i32(a -= b.a) < 0) a += 2 * mod;
return *this;
}
constexpr mint &operator*=(const mint &b) {
a = reduce(u64(a) * b.a);
return *this;
}
constexpr mint &operator/=(const mint &b) {
*this *= b.inverse();
return *this;
}
constexpr mint operator+(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) += b; }
constexpr mint operator-(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) -= b; }
constexpr mint operator*(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) *= b; }
constexpr mint operator/(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) /= b; }
constexpr bool operator==(const mint &b) const {
return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) == (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a);
}
constexpr bool operator!=(const mint &b) const {
return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) != (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a);
}
constexpr mint operator-() const { return mint() - mint(*this); }
constexpr mint operator+() const { return mint(*this); }
constexpr mint pow(u64 n) const {
mint ret(1), mul(*this);
while (n > 0) {
if (n & 1) ret *= mul;
mul *= mul;
n >>= 1;
}
return ret;
}
constexpr mint inverse() const {
int x = get(), y = mod, u = 1, v = 0, t = 0, tmp = 0;
while (y > 0) {
t = x / y;
x -= t * y, u -= t * v;
tmp = x, x = y, y = tmp;
tmp = u, u = v, v = tmp;
}
return mint{u};
}
friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const mint &b) {
return os << b.get();
}
friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, mint &b) {
int64_t t;
is >> t;
b = LazyMontgomeryModInt<mod>(t);
return (is);
}
constexpr u32 get() const {
u32 ret = reduce(a);
return ret >= mod ? ret - mod : ret;
}
static constexpr u32 get_mod() { return mod; }
};
#line 2 "ntt/ntt.hpp"
#line 7 "ntt/ntt.hpp"
using namespace std;
template <typename mint>
struct NTT {
static constexpr uint32_t get_pr() {
uint32_t _mod = mint::get_mod();
using u64 = uint64_t;
u64 ds[32] = {};
int idx = 0;
u64 m = _mod - 1;
for (u64 i = 2; i * i <= m; ++i) {
if (m % i == 0) {
ds[idx++] = i;
while (m % i == 0) m /= i;
}
}
if (m != 1) ds[idx++] = m;
uint32_t _pr = 2;
while (1) {
int flg = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < idx; ++i) {
u64 a = _pr, b = (_mod - 1) / ds[i], r = 1;
while (b) {
if (b & 1) r = r * a % _mod;
a = a * a % _mod;
b >>= 1;
}
if (r == 1) {
flg = 0;
break;
}
}
if (flg == 1) break;
++_pr;
}
return _pr;
};
static constexpr uint32_t mod = mint::get_mod();
static constexpr uint32_t pr = get_pr();
static constexpr int level = __builtin_ctzll(mod - 1);
mint dw[level], dy[level];
void setwy(int k) {
mint w[level], y[level];
w[k - 1] = mint(pr).pow((mod - 1) / (1 << k));
y[k - 1] = w[k - 1].inverse();
for (int i = k - 2; i > 0; --i)
w[i] = w[i + 1] * w[i + 1], y[i] = y[i + 1] * y[i + 1];
dw[1] = w[1], dy[1] = y[1], dw[2] = w[2], dy[2] = y[2];
for (int i = 3; i < k; ++i) {
dw[i] = dw[i - 1] * y[i - 2] * w[i];
dy[i] = dy[i - 1] * w[i - 2] * y[i];
}
}
NTT() { setwy(level); }
void fft4(vector<mint> &a, int k) {
if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
if (k == 1) {
mint a1 = a[1];
a[1] = a[0] - a[1];
a[0] = a[0] + a1;
return;
}
if (k & 1) {
int v = 1 << (k - 1);
for (int j = 0; j < v; ++j) {
mint ajv = a[j + v];
a[j + v] = a[j] - ajv;
a[j] += ajv;
}
}
int u = 1 << (2 + (k & 1));
int v = 1 << (k - 2 - (k & 1));
mint one = mint(1);
mint imag = dw[1];
while (v) {
// jh = 0
{
int j0 = 0;
int j1 = v;
int j2 = j1 + v;
int j3 = j2 + v;
for (; j0 < v; ++j0, ++j1, ++j2, ++j3) {
mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j1], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j3];
mint t0p2 = t0 + t2, t1p3 = t1 + t3;
mint t0m2 = t0 - t2, t1m3 = (t1 - t3) * imag;
a[j0] = t0p2 + t1p3, a[j1] = t0p2 - t1p3;
a[j2] = t0m2 + t1m3, a[j3] = t0m2 - t1m3;
}
}
// jh >= 1
mint ww = one, xx = one * dw[2], wx = one;
for (int jh = 4; jh < u;) {
ww = xx * xx, wx = ww * xx;
int j0 = jh * v;
int je = j0 + v;
int j2 = je + v;
for (; j0 < je; ++j0, ++j2) {
mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j0 + v] * xx, t2 = a[j2] * ww,
t3 = a[j2 + v] * wx;
mint t0p2 = t0 + t2, t1p3 = t1 + t3;
mint t0m2 = t0 - t2, t1m3 = (t1 - t3) * imag;
a[j0] = t0p2 + t1p3, a[j0 + v] = t0p2 - t1p3;
a[j2] = t0m2 + t1m3, a[j2 + v] = t0m2 - t1m3;
}
xx *= dw[__builtin_ctzll((jh += 4))];
}
u <<= 2;
v >>= 2;
}
}
void ifft4(vector<mint> &a, int k) {
if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
if (k == 1) {
mint a1 = a[1];
a[1] = a[0] - a[1];
a[0] = a[0] + a1;
return;
}
int u = 1 << (k - 2);
int v = 1;
mint one = mint(1);
mint imag = dy[1];
while (u) {
// jh = 0
{
int j0 = 0;
int j1 = v;
int j2 = v + v;
int j3 = j2 + v;
for (; j0 < v; ++j0, ++j1, ++j2, ++j3) {
mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j1], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j3];
mint t0p1 = t0 + t1, t2p3 = t2 + t3;
mint t0m1 = t0 - t1, t2m3 = (t2 - t3) * imag;
a[j0] = t0p1 + t2p3, a[j2] = t0p1 - t2p3;
a[j1] = t0m1 + t2m3, a[j3] = t0m1 - t2m3;
}
}
// jh >= 1
mint ww = one, xx = one * dy[2], yy = one;
u <<= 2;
for (int jh = 4; jh < u;) {
ww = xx * xx, yy = xx * imag;
int j0 = jh * v;
int je = j0 + v;
int j2 = je + v;
for (; j0 < je; ++j0, ++j2) {
mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j0 + v], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j2 + v];
mint t0p1 = t0 + t1, t2p3 = t2 + t3;
mint t0m1 = (t0 - t1) * xx, t2m3 = (t2 - t3) * yy;
a[j0] = t0p1 + t2p3, a[j2] = (t0p1 - t2p3) * ww;
a[j0 + v] = t0m1 + t2m3, a[j2 + v] = (t0m1 - t2m3) * ww;
}
xx *= dy[__builtin_ctzll(jh += 4)];
}
u >>= 4;
v <<= 2;
}
if (k & 1) {
u = 1 << (k - 1);
for (int j = 0; j < u; ++j) {
mint ajv = a[j] - a[j + u];
a[j] += a[j + u];
a[j + u] = ajv;
}
}
}
void ntt(vector<mint> &a) {
if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
fft4(a, __builtin_ctz(a.size()));
}
void intt(vector<mint> &a) {
if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
ifft4(a, __builtin_ctz(a.size()));
mint iv = mint(a.size()).inverse();
for (auto &x : a) x *= iv;
}
vector<mint> multiply(const vector<mint> &a, const vector<mint> &b) {
int l = a.size() + b.size() - 1;
if (min<int>(a.size(), b.size()) <= 40) {
vector<mint> s(l);
for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i)
for (int j = 0; j < (int)b.size(); ++j) s[i + j] += a[i] * b[j];
return s;
}
int k = 2, M = 4;
while (M < l) M <<= 1, ++k;
setwy(k);
vector<mint> s(M);
for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i) s[i] = a[i];
fft4(s, k);
if (a.size() == b.size() && a == b) {
for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) s[i] *= s[i];
} else {
vector<mint> t(M);
for (int i = 0; i < (int)b.size(); ++i) t[i] = b[i];
fft4(t, k);
for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) s[i] *= t[i];
}
ifft4(s, k);
s.resize(l);
mint invm = mint(M).inverse();
for (int i = 0; i < l; ++i) s[i] *= invm;
return s;
}
void ntt_doubling(vector<mint> &a) {
int M = (int)a.size();
auto b = a;
intt(b);
mint r = 1, zeta = mint(pr).pow((mint::get_mod() - 1) / (M << 1));
for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) b[i] *= r, r *= zeta;
ntt(b);
copy(begin(b), end(b), back_inserter(a));
}
};
#line 10 "ntt/arbitrary-ntt.hpp"
namespace ArbitraryNTT {
using i64 = int64_t;
using u128 = __uint128_t;
constexpr int32_t m0 = 167772161;
constexpr int32_t m1 = 469762049;
constexpr int32_t m2 = 754974721;
using mint0 = LazyMontgomeryModInt<m0>;
using mint1 = LazyMontgomeryModInt<m1>;
using mint2 = LazyMontgomeryModInt<m2>;
constexpr int r01 = mint1(m0).inverse().get();
constexpr int r02 = mint2(m0).inverse().get();
constexpr int r12 = mint2(m1).inverse().get();
constexpr int r02r12 = i64(r02) * r12 % m2;
constexpr i64 w1 = m0;
constexpr i64 w2 = i64(m0) * m1;
template <typename T, typename submint>
vector<submint> mul(const vector<T> &a, const vector<T> &b) {
static NTT<submint> ntt;
vector<submint> s(a.size()), t(b.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i) s[i] = i64(a[i] % submint::get_mod());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)b.size(); ++i) t[i] = i64(b[i] % submint::get_mod());
return ntt.multiply(s, t);
}
template <typename T>
vector<int> multiply(const vector<T> &s, const vector<T> &t, int mod) {
auto d0 = mul<T, mint0>(s, t);
auto d1 = mul<T, mint1>(s, t);
auto d2 = mul<T, mint2>(s, t);
int n = d0.size();
vector<int> ret(n);
const int W1 = w1 % mod;
const int W2 = w2 % mod;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
int n1 = d1[i].get(), n2 = d2[i].get(), a = d0[i].get();
int b = i64(n1 + m1 - a) * r01 % m1;
int c = (i64(n2 + m2 - a) * r02r12 + i64(m2 - b) * r12) % m2;
ret[i] = (i64(a) + i64(b) * W1 + i64(c) * W2) % mod;
}
return ret;
}
template <typename mint>
vector<mint> multiply(const vector<mint> &a, const vector<mint> &b) {
if (a.size() == 0 && b.size() == 0) return {};
if (min<int>(a.size(), b.size()) < 128) {
vector<mint> ret(a.size() + b.size() - 1);
for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i)
for (int j = 0; j < (int)b.size(); ++j) ret[i + j] += a[i] * b[j];
return ret;
}
vector<int> s(a.size()), t(b.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i) s[i] = a[i].get();
for (int i = 0; i < (int)b.size(); ++i) t[i] = b[i].get();
vector<int> u = multiply<int>(s, t, mint::get_mod());
vector<mint> ret(u.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)u.size(); ++i) ret[i] = mint(u[i]);
return ret;
}
template <typename T>
vector<u128> multiply_u128(const vector<T> &s, const vector<T> &t) {
if (s.size() == 0 && t.size() == 0) return {};
if (min<int>(s.size(), t.size()) < 128) {
vector<u128> ret(s.size() + t.size() - 1);
for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); ++i)
for (int j = 0; j < (int)t.size(); ++j) ret[i + j] += i64(s[i]) * t[j];
return ret;
}
auto d0 = mul<T, mint0>(s, t);
auto d1 = mul<T, mint1>(s, t);
auto d2 = mul<T, mint2>(s, t);
int n = d0.size();
vector<u128> ret(n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
i64 n1 = d1[i].get(), n2 = d2[i].get();
i64 a = d0[i].get();
i64 b = (n1 + m1 - a) * r01 % m1;
i64 c = ((n2 + m2 - a) * r02r12 + (m2 - b) * r12) % m2;
ret[i] = a + b * w1 + u128(c) * w2;
}
return ret;
}
} // namespace ArbitraryNTT
#line 7 "fps/arbitrary-fps.hpp"
template <typename mint>
void fps_set_fft_impl(FormalPowerSeries<mint>*, FPSBackendPriority<0>) {
FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_ptr = nullptr;
}
template <typename mint>
void fps_ntt_impl(FormalPowerSeries<mint>&, FPSBackendPriority<0>) {
exit(1);
}
template <typename mint>
void fps_intt_impl(FormalPowerSeries<mint>&, FPSBackendPriority<0>) {
exit(1);
}
template <typename mint>
void fps_ntt_doubling_impl(FormalPowerSeries<mint>&, FPSBackendPriority<0>) {
exit(1);
}
template <typename mint>
int fps_ntt_pr_impl(FormalPowerSeries<mint>*, FPSBackendPriority<0>) {
exit(1);
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint>& fps_multiply_impl(FormalPowerSeries<mint>& f,
const FormalPowerSeries<mint>& r,
FPSBackendPriority<0>) {
auto ret = ArbitraryNTT::multiply(f, r);
return f = FormalPowerSeries<mint>(ret.begin(), ret.end());
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> fps_inv_impl(const FormalPowerSeries<mint>& f, int deg,
FPSBackendPriority<0>) {
assert(f[0] != mint(0));
if (deg == -1) deg = f.size();
FormalPowerSeries<mint> ret({mint(1) / f[0]});
for (int i = 1; i < deg; i <<= 1)
ret = (ret + ret - ret * ret * f.pre(i << 1)).pre(i << 1);
return ret.pre(deg);
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> fps_exp_impl(const FormalPowerSeries<mint>& f, int deg,
FPSBackendPriority<0>) {
assert(f.size() == 0 || f[0] == mint(0));
if (deg == -1) deg = (int)f.size();
FormalPowerSeries<mint> ret({mint(1)});
for (int i = 1; i < deg; i <<= 1) {
ret = (ret * (f.pre(i << 1) + mint(1) - ret.log(i << 1))).pre(i << 1);
}
return ret.pre(deg);
}
#line 5 "fps/sample-point-shift.hpp"
// input : y(0), y(1), ..., y(n - 1)
// output : y(t), y(t + 1), ..., y(t + m - 1)
// (if m is default, m = n)
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> SamplePointShift(FormalPowerSeries<mint>& y, mint t,
int m = -1) {
if (m == -1) m = y.size();
long long T = t.get();
int k = (int)y.size() - 1;
T %= mint::get_mod();
if (T <= k) {
FormalPowerSeries<mint> ret(m);
int ptr = 0;
for (int64_t i = T; i <= k and ptr < m; i++) {
ret[ptr++] = y[i];
}
if (k + 1 < T + m) {
auto suf = SamplePointShift<mint>(y, k + 1, m - ptr);
for (int i = k + 1; i < T + m; i++) {
ret[ptr++] = suf[i - (k + 1)];
}
}
return ret;
}
if (T + m > mint::get_mod()) {
auto pref = SamplePointShift<mint>(y, T, mint::get_mod() - T);
auto suf = SamplePointShift<mint>(y, 0, m - pref.size());
copy(begin(suf), end(suf), back_inserter(pref));
return pref;
}
FormalPowerSeries<mint> finv(k + 1, 1), d(k + 1);
for (int i = 2; i <= k; i++) finv[k] *= i;
finv[k] = mint(1) / finv[k];
for (int i = k; i >= 1; i--) finv[i - 1] = finv[i] * i;
for (int i = 0; i <= k; i++) {
d[i] = finv[i] * finv[k - i] * y[i];
if ((k - i) & 1) d[i] = -d[i];
}
FormalPowerSeries<mint> h(m + k);
for (int i = 0; i < m + k; i++) {
h[i] = mint(1) / (T - k + i);
}
auto dh = d * h;
FormalPowerSeries<mint> ret(m);
mint cur = T;
for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) cur *= T - i;
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
ret[i] = cur * dh[k + i];
cur *= T + i + 1;
cur *= h[i];
}
return ret;
}
#line 2 "matrix/matrix.hpp"
#line 2 "matrix/inverse-matrix.hpp"
#line 2 "matrix/gauss-elimination.hpp"
#include <utility>
#line 5 "matrix/gauss-elimination.hpp"
using namespace std;
// {rank, det(非正方行列の場合は未定義)} を返す
// 型が double や Rational でも動くはず？(未検証)
//
// pivot 候補 : [0, pivot_end)
template <typename T>
std::pair<int, T> GaussElimination(vector<vector<T>> &a, int pivot_end = -1,
bool diagonalize = false) {
if (a.empty()) return {0, 1};
int H = a.size(), W = a[0].size(), rank = 0;
if (pivot_end == -1) pivot_end = W;
T det = 1;
for (int j = 0; j < pivot_end; j++) {
int idx = -1;
for (int i = rank; i < H; i++) {
if (a[i][j] != T(0)) {
idx = i;
break;
}
}
if (idx == -1) {
det = 0;
continue;
}
if (rank != idx) det = -det, swap(a[rank], a[idx]);
det *= a[rank][j];
if (diagonalize && a[rank][j] != T(1)) {
T coeff = T(1) / a[rank][j];
for (int k = j; k < W; k++) a[rank][k] *= coeff;
}
int is = diagonalize ? 0 : rank + 1;
for (int i = is; i < H; i++) {
if (i == rank) continue;
if (a[i][j] != T(0)) {
T coeff = a[i][j] / a[rank][j];
for (int k = j; k < W; k++) a[i][k] -= a[rank][k] * coeff;
}
}
rank++;
}
return make_pair(rank, det);
}
#line 4 "matrix/inverse-matrix.hpp"
template <typename mint>
vector<vector<mint>> inverse_matrix(const vector<vector<mint>>& a) {
int N = a.size();
assert(N > 0);
assert(N == (int)a[0].size());
vector<vector<mint>> m(N, vector<mint>(2 * N));
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
copy(begin(a[i]), end(a[i]), begin(m[i]));
m[i][N + i] = 1;
}
auto [rank, det] = GaussElimination(m, N, true);
if (rank != N) return {};
vector<vector<mint>> b(N);
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
copy(begin(m[i]) + N, end(m[i]), back_inserter(b[i]));
}
return b;
}
#line 4 "matrix/matrix.hpp"
template <class T>
struct Matrix {
vector<vector<T> > A;
Matrix() = default;
Matrix(int n, int m) : A(n, vector<T>(m, T())) {}
Matrix(int n) : A(n, vector<T>(n, T())){};
int H() const { return A.size(); }
int W() const { return A[0].size(); }
int size() const { return A.size(); }
inline const vector<T> &operator[](int k) const { return A[k]; }
inline vector<T> &operator[](int k) { return A[k]; }
static Matrix I(int n) {
Matrix mat(n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) mat[i][i] = 1;
return (mat);
}
Matrix &operator+=(const Matrix &B) {
int n = H(), m = W();
assert(n == B.H() && m == B.W());
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) (*this)[i][j] += B[i][j];
return (*this);
}
Matrix &operator-=(const Matrix &B) {
int n = H(), m = W();
assert(n == B.H() && m == B.W());
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) (*this)[i][j] -= B[i][j];
return (*this);
}
Matrix &operator*=(const Matrix &B) {
int n = H(), m = B.W(), p = W();
assert(p == B.H());
vector<vector<T> > C(n, vector<T>(m, T{}));
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
for (int k = 0; k < p; k++)
for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) C[i][j] += (*this)[i][k] * B[k][j];
A.swap(C);
return (*this);
}
Matrix &operator^=(long long k) {
Matrix B = Matrix::I(H());
while (k > 0) {
if (k & 1) B *= *this;
*this *= *this;
k >>= 1LL;
}
A.swap(B.A);
return (*this);
}
Matrix operator+(const Matrix &B) const { return (Matrix(*this) += B); }
Matrix operator-(const Matrix &B) const { return (Matrix(*this) -= B); }
Matrix operator*(const Matrix &B) const { return (Matrix(*this) *= B); }
Matrix operator^(const long long k) const { return (Matrix(*this) ^= k); }
bool operator==(const Matrix &B) const {
assert(H() == B.H() && W() == B.W());
for (int i = 0; i < H(); i++)
for (int j = 0; j < W(); j++)
if (A[i][j] != B[i][j]) return false;
return true;
}
bool operator!=(const Matrix &B) const {
assert(H() == B.H() && W() == B.W());
for (int i = 0; i < H(); i++)
for (int j = 0; j < W(); j++)
if (A[i][j] != B[i][j]) return true;
return false;
}
Matrix inverse() const {
assert(H() == W());
Matrix B(H());
B.A = inverse_matrix(A);
return B;
}
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Matrix &p) {
int n = p.H(), m = p.W();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
os << (i ? " " : "") << "[";
for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
os << p[i][j] << (j + 1 == m ? "]\n" : ",");
}
}
return (os);
}
T determinant() const {
Matrix B(*this);
assert(H() == W());
T ret = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < H(); i++) {
int idx = -1;
for (int j = i; j < W(); j++) {
if (B[j][i] != 0) {
idx = j;
break;
}
}
if (idx == -1) return 0;
if (i != idx) {
ret *= T(-1);
swap(B[i], B[idx]);
}
ret *= B[i][i];
T inv = T(1) / B[i][i];
for (int j = 0; j < W(); j++) {
B[i][j] *= inv;
}
for (int j = i + 1; j < H(); j++) {
T a = B[j][i];
if (a == 0) continue;
for (int k = i; k < W(); k++) {
B[j][k] -= B[i][k] * a;
}
}
}
return ret;
}
};
/**
* @brief 行列ライブラリ
*/
#line 6 "matrix/polynomial-matrix-prefix-prod.hpp"
// return m(k-1) * m(k-2) * ... * m(1) * m(0)
template <typename mint>
Matrix<mint> polynomial_matrix_prod(Matrix<FormalPowerSeries<mint>> &m,
long long k) {
using Mat = Matrix<mint>;
using fps = FormalPowerSeries<mint>;
auto shift = [](vector<Mat> &G, mint x) -> vector<Mat> {
int d = G.size(), n = G[0].size();
vector<Mat> H(d, Mat(n));
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
fps g(d);
for (int l = 0; l < d; l++) g[l] = G[l][i][j];
fps h = SamplePointShift(g, x);
for (int l = 0; l < d; l++) H[l][i][j] = h[l];
}
}
return H;
};
int n = m.size();
int deg = 1;
for (auto &_ : m.A) {
for (auto &x : _) deg = max<int>(deg, (int)x.size() - 1);
}
while (deg & (deg - 1)) deg++;
vector<Mat> G(deg + 1);
long long v = 1;
while (deg * v * v < k) v *= 2;
mint iv = mint(v).inverse();
for (int i = 0; i < (int)G.size(); i++) {
mint x = mint(v) * i;
Mat mt(n);
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
for (int l = 0; l < n; l++) mt[j][l] = m[j][l].eval(x);
G[i] = mt;
}
for (long long w = 1; w != v; w <<= 1) {
mint W = w;
auto G1 = shift(G, W * iv);
auto G2 = shift(G, (W * deg * v + v) * iv);
auto G3 = shift(G, (W * deg * v + v + W) * iv);
for (int i = 0; i <= w * deg; i++)
G[i] = G1[i] * G[i], G2[i] = G3[i] * G2[i];
copy(begin(G2), end(G2) - 1, back_inserter(G));
}
Mat res = Mat::I(n);
long long i = 0;
while (i + v <= k) res = G[i / v] * res, i += v;
while (i < k) {
Mat mt(n);
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
for (int l = 0; l < n; l++) mt[j][l] = m[j][l].eval(i);
res = mt * res;
i++;
}
return res;
}
/**
* @brief 多項式行列のprefix product
*/
多項式行列のprefix product